Frequently Asked Questions About White Papers

 

What Are White Papers?

White papers are a highly-valued marketing document that reveals product or service features and translate them into business advantages. These documents are fact-driven and contain useful information based on expert opinions and ironclad logic.

Also known as consumer reports, industry reports, or special reports, white papers take on the objective and educational approach of an article while incorporating persuasive corporate messages typically found in brochures. The writing style of most white papers can be described as persuasive essays halfway between a magazine article and a scholarly paper.

As defined by white paper guru Jonathan Kantor, a white paper is “a document between six and twelve pages whose purpose is to educate, inform, and convince a reader through the accurate identification of existing problems and the presentation of beneficial solutions that solve those challenges.”

Why do Companies write white papers?

Businesses often use white papers as a tool to persuade customers and partners and to promote a product or viewpoint.

Generally, vendors publish white papers to generate leads or to position themselves as a leader in the market space. A business might write white papers for any of the following reasons:

  • Gather leads for the sales force

  • Educate potential customers

  • Influence a selection committee

  • Educate the sales force or channel partners

  • Educate the media

  • Send to a trade publication or website

  • Redefine a market space

  • Build credibility or brand authority

  • Keep up with competitors who have white papers

Who Reads White Papers?

White papers are read by anyone considering the purchase of a relatively new, relatively complex, or relatively high-priced product or service for their business. Common white readers include:

  • Corporate executives

  • Finance executives

  • IT managers and staff

  • Line-of-business managers

  • User representatives

  • In-house supporters of the purchase

In larger companies that make a collective decision, there may be a selection committee including these types of people.

Business decision makers routinely share good white papers up and down the chain of command, to their managers or their staff.

Why do People read white papers?

White paper readers seek out useful information that help them understand an issue or solve a problem. This typically involves learning about the business benefits or technical details or a product or service they are considering to purchase.

Most business decision makers read white papers for the following reasons:

  • Stay updated about new trends

  • Get information about products and services

  • Compare products

  • Help justify purchase decisions

  • Develop a list of qualified vendors

While IT professionals used to be the primary audience of white papers, today’s readers seek simple explanations with concrete business benefits supported by facts and convincing arguments.

Where do white papers fit in the sales cycle?

The longer the sales cycle, or the buyer journey, the more likely white papers are involved.

Typically, white papers are used early in the sales cycle, before the prospect makes a purchase. In this stage, the buyer is researching and planning as they seek out information on an issue or problem they are facing.

Which type of white paper should your company create?

When you decide to create a white paper, you should ask these these three questions:

1. What is the purpose of this paper?

White papers can be used to generate leads, attract attention, nurture prospects through a complex sale, cast fear, uncertainty, or doubt on competitors, or influence a selection committee.

Knowing the purpose of your white paper will make the writing process much easier, whether you are writing it yourself or outsourcing a writer.

The best type to generate leads at the top of the funnel is a problem/solution type or a numbered list+problem/solution type.

2. When will this white paper be used?

White papers meant for use early in the sales cycle can be more general and discuss issues on a high-level.

For white papers later in the sales cycle, they should be more specific and go into more detail about the problem you are addressing.

3. Who is the target audience?

Before you begin production, it’s important to determine your target audience, as they are looking for different things. Typically target audiences include IT people, executives, managers, user reps, or a mixed audience of the above.

How much does a white paper cost?

Here are the costs related to producing a white paper:

  • Research, writing and editing

  • Illustration and design

  • Translation, if necessary

  • Printing, if necessary

  • Promotion

Each of these costs may be outsourced or handled in-house. However, a white paper should be seen as a significant investment.

B2B marketers should count on spending between $5,000 to $10,000 for a well-researched, well-written, and visually-engaging white paper. Of course, a text-only white paper will cost a bit less.

How long do white papers take to Produce?

Generally, it takes 6 to 8 weeks from the first planning interview to an approved white paper draft. However, that time frame can take longer depending on how quickly it takes for the writer to conduct interviews and on how quickly the reviewers sign off.

Illustration and design will take an extra 1-2 weeks. If translations are required, that will also add more time.

Finally, promoting the white paper may take many weeks or months.

However, white papers have long shelf lives, as vendors can often continue using the same white paper for years.

How do you promote a white paper??

A good white paper will be an ineffective marketing tool if it is tucked away on your company’s website.

To earn a good ROI, a white paper must be actively promoted by the following methods, often simultaneously:

  • Share it to numerous websites

  • Feature it prominently on home pages

  • Send emails about it

  • Mention it in email signature lines

  • Tweet about it on Twitter

  • Extract ideas and create blog posts from them

  • Create a press release about it

  • Mention it in newsletters, e-zines and blogs

  • Give it to prospects on sales calls

  • Give it to prospects at trade shows

  • Pay a third-party service to syndicate it

The best way to promote your new white paper is to treat it like a mini-product launch. The more effort you invest in promoting, the more likely your white paper will succeed.